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Geology

- science and study of the solid matter that constitutes the Earth. Encompassing such things as rocks, soil, and gemstones, geology studies the composition, structure, physical properties, history, and the processes that shape Earth's components. Geologists have established the age of the Earth at about 4.6 billion (4.6x109) years, and have determined that the Earth's lithosphere, which includes the crust, is fragmented into tectonic plates that move over a rheic upper mantle (asthenosphere) via processes that are collectively referred to as plate tectonics. Geologists help locate and manage the Earth's natural resources, such as petroleum and coal, as well as metals such as iron, copper, and uranium. Additional economic interests include gemstones and many minerals such as asbestos, perlite, mica, phosphates, zeolites, clay, pumice, quartz, and silica, as well as elements such as sulfur, chlorine, and helium - Wikipedia.

Glacial Geology

Cincinnati University (US)

processes & distribution of glacial deposits: mass balance ice flow, glacier erosion & deposition, sub-glacial deformation, debris flow deposition, melt-out tills & ice-contact, processes, landforms, kettles, ice-contact landforms, glacial lakes, outwash

Introduction to Mineralogy

Colorado University (US)

Mineral Definition & Properties, Classification, Physical Properties, Environments, Crystal Systems & Classes, Point & Space Groups, Crystal Structures, Coordination, Structure and stoichiometry, X-rays, powder diffraction, Density, optics, Birefringence & Pleochroism, Indicatrix, Biaxial Interference figures, Light, Biaxial Indicatrix, Isotropic, Phase Diagrams, Classification, Uniaxial Mineral, Systematic Mineralogy, Native Elements, Sulfides, Halides, Oxides, Hydroxides, Carbonates, Systematic Descriptive Mineralogy, Sulfates, Phosphates

Introduction to Geology

Colorado University (US)

Earth Systems, Plate Tectonics, Earth Materials, Igneous Rocks, Intrusives, Sedimentary Rocks, Metamorphism, Deformation, Clocks in Rocks (Geologic Time), Solar System and formation of planets,– Evolution of Continents, Geobiology, Volcanoes, Earthquakes, Earth’s Interior, Climate System, Weathering Erosion, and Mass Wasting, Groundwater and Hydrologic Cycle, Rivers and Streams, Winds and Deserts, Coasts and Oceans, Glaciers, Landscapes, Human Impacts

Isotope Geochemistry

Cornell University (US)

nucleosynthetic processes and the isotopic abundances of the elements, geochronology and cosmochronology using radioactive decay schemes, use of radiogenic and stable isotopes in petrology and their application to study of the evolution of the crust and mantle, isotopic evidence regarding formation of Earth & solar system, stable isotopes and their use in geothermometry, ore petrogenesis, paleontology, global climate system

Historical Geology Online Laboratory Manual

Georgia Perimeter College (US)

Relative Dating, Rocks and Minerals, Weathering of Rocks & Formation of Sediment, Data Table for Sand Samples, Sedimentary (Rocks, Rock Classification Table, Structures, Depositional Environments, Classification Chart), Stratigraphy & Lithologic Correlation, Invertebrate macrofossils, Fossil Preservation, Microfossils, Biostratigraphy Evolution, Evolution of Vertebrates, Interpreting Geologic History from Maps

Historical Geology

Georgia Perimeter College (US)

study of the history of earth and life through time, overview of evolution, fossils, dinosaurs, geologic time, radiometric dating, origin of the earth, environments, geologic history of North America

Structural Geology

Hawai'i University (US)

ways to recognize and characterize major structures in the earth's crust and gain insight into how these structures form, understanding crustal structures, techniques for determining the sequence in which structures form, macroscopic & microscopic structures

Hawaii Field Trip

Malaspina University College (CA)

geological background & volcanoes, dynamics of eruptions, Kilauea volcano, reading list, maps & pictures of Hawaii, links, course outline

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